11 results
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap ... Intoxication - Normal ... • Serum K: low/normal ... • Serum K high/normal ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal ... mineralocorticoid-like effect Normal ... salicylate poisoning Normal ... acid-base status ... In a normal gap
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... (Cl + HCO3)} Normal ... <0.4 Pure Normal ... 0.4-0.8 Normal ... diabetic) Causes of Normal
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI ... Algorithm and Differential ... blood count with differential ... investigations abnormal ... Kidney #Injury #AKI
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Acid-Base: Low ... intake • Metabolic ... potassium #low #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... table #sodium #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
leukemia Measure Urine ... Renal Losses: • Normal ... Denosumab, Estrogen based ... Rx • Normal or ... ADHR, XLHR - Normal
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Urine Color - Differential ... Bag Syndrome - ... Garcia @Alexgr23 #Abnormal ... discoloration #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... consumption • Low/Normal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic ... Acidosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Normal ... Loss (Negative urine ... #Differential #