10 results
Adrenoceptor Actions
α1
 • Vascular smooth muscle - Contraction
 • Genitourinary smooth muscle - Contraction
 • Intestinal
Adrenoceptor Actions ... • Heart - ↑ Inotropy ... receptors #actions #pharmacology ... #pathophysiology ... #comparison #table
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag ... Purple #Urine #Bag ... Syndrome #PUBS #pathophysiology ... clinical #photo #differential ... #diagnosis
Common Medications Known to Prolong QTc
Antiarrhythmics - Amiodarone, sotalol, flecainide, quinidine, dronedarone, dofetilide
Vasopressors/inotropes - Epinephrine, norepinephrine,
Vasopressors/inotropes ... Medications #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #pharmacology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
#hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
current) causing ↓SA ... force (negative inotropy ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... Classification #Classes #pathophysiology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology ... current) causing ↓SA ... force (negative inotropy ... Antiarrhythmics #Pharmacology ... Classification #Classes #pathophysiology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
simply a clinical diagnosis ... establishing a diagnosis ... patients need inotrope ... #diagnosis #differential ... icu #clinical #pharmacology
Medical Conditions Causing Mania or Mania-Like Episodes: Pathogenesis
 • Bipolar Disorder -> Combination of individual, genetic,
S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM ... Secondary #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Diagnosis: • ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... Vestibulo-ocular reflex • Gag ... neurology #comatose #diagnosis
Benzodiazepine (BZD) withdrawal: clinical findings and complications

 • Activation of ACC and OFC -> Feelings of
Activation of PAG ... BZD #withdrawal #pharmacology ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs