48 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus ... Workup Step #1 ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Urine Specific Gravity ... Gravity = Density of urine ... hydration • Diabetes insipidus ... Interpretation #diagnosis #differential ... #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Polyuria - Differential ... Central Diabetes Insipidus ... Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus ... #Polyuria #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... water retention 1) ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia Differential ... sodium and serum ... sodium low, uric ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Central diabetes insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm 1) ... Check Urine Osmolality ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
Fractional Excretion of Sodium ... (FENa) = (Urine ... / (Serum Na+ x Urine ... Cr) FEurea < 1% ... #nephrology #calculation
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... 1-2 hrs post administration ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential