25 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Diagnosis by Mechanism ... hemorrhage) - Pulmonary ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup ... - Implies renal ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis GI losses ... Insensible losses Sodium ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Diagnosis and Screening ... Oral sodium loading ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Screening #Workup ... #table
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
by Mechanism Renal ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... Uosm < 100 mmol/kg ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... recent DAN) • EMG ... #differential # ... diagnosis #management
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Diagnosis: Causes ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology