54 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... Uric Acid → renal salt ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... acid: - Urine sodium ... low, uric acid ... and uric acid low ... #Differential #Algorithm
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... osmostat, Cerebral salt ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... Insufficiency, Cerebral Salt ... differential #diagnosis #table
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
losses, Cerebral salt ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic (Excess salt ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Cerebral salt ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Lowers level of low-density ... versus calcium salts ... versus calcium salts ... increased risk of low ... Phosphate #Binders #Table
Orthostatic Hypotension Management Algorithm
 • Hypovolemic?  Yes → Resuscitate
 • Volume Overloaded? No → Fludrocortisone
Hypotension Management Algorithm ... intake, Increase salt ... → Decrease in sodium ... Hypotension #Management #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
not type 4) - Salt ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table