505 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause of hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia-induced hypokalemia ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... Cushing's syndrome #hypokalemia
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... • Cell shift: Hypokalemic ... stenosis, Renin secreting ... syndrome #hypokalemia
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renin secreting ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renovascular HTN, Renin secreting ... @priti899 #Hypokalemia
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Distal RTA is the true Nephrogenic RTA and can be truly divided into
variants- the hypokalemic ... problem • H secretion ... - Familial Hypokalemic ... IV) - NH3 secretion
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia
Blood pressure
Renin
ACTH
Angiotensin Il
Zona glomerulosa
Secretion
Physical activity, stress
Adrenal
#Epinephrine
#Adrenalmedulla
Degradation
Glucuronation in the liver
Excretion
Bile
Feces
#Hyperkalemia
#Aldosterone
Na* retention and
K* excretion in:
Salivary glands
#Sweat glands
#Gallbladder
Nat
Na
K*
Kidney
Colon
Zona glomerulosa Secretion ... in the liver Excretion ... Bile Feces #Hyperkalemia ... retention and K* excretion
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... Before evaluating hypokalemia ... in evaluating hypokalemia ... Renovascular HTN, Renin secreting ... @krithicism #Hypokalemia
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia ... wasting syndrome Hypovolemia ... antidiuretic hormone secretion
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
↑ K+ and ↑ H+ secretion ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic