1474 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... subnephrotic range (< 3.5 g/ ... proteinuria (> 3.5 g/ ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes
Diagnosis of ascites according to the serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG)
SAAG ≥ 1.1:
 - Ascitic protein
protein ≤ 2.5 g/ ... Late Budd-Chiari syndrome ... protein ≥ 2.5 g/ ... Early Budd-Chiari syndrome ... leak, Nephrotic syndrome
Acute Pharyngitis: Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Respiratory viruses (25-45%)
 • Group A Strep (5-15%)
 • Other bacteria:
bacteria: Group C and G ... Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Diffuse viral syndromes ... PFAPA, Behcet syndrome
Spinal Cord Injury Syndromes
Complete, Incomplete, Paraplegia, Tetraplegia
Incomplete Spinal Cord Syndromes:
 - Brown Sequard Syndrome
 - Anterior
Spinal Cord Injury Syndromes ... Brown Sequard Syndrome ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... Posterior Cord Syndrome ... - Central Cord Syndrome
Central Cord Syndromes
 - Anterior Cord Syndrome
 - Central Cord Syndrome
 - Brown Sequard Syndrome

#CentralCord #Syndromes
Central Cord Syndromes ... Anterior Cord Syndrome ... - Central Cord Syndrome ... Brown Sequard Syndrome ... #CentralCord #Syndromes
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
injury (≥ 1B) - 1 g/ ... • Hepatorenal syndrome ... days then 20-40 g/
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
ratio: 30-300 mg/g ... ratio: >300 mg/g ... protein: >3.5 g/ ... hypoalbuminemia (<3.0 g/ ... defined as nephrotic syndrome
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
ratio < 15 mEq/g ... ratio > 15 mEq/g ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/ ... - Budd-Chiari syndrome ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... conditions (SAAG < 1.1 g/ ... Myxedema (SAAG 2 1.1 g/
Inherited Colorectal Cancer (CRS) Syndromes
Adenomatous Polyposis Syndromes:
 • Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), Attenuated FAP (AFAP), MUTYH
Colorectal Cancer (CRS) Syndromes ... Adenomatous Polyposis Syndromes ... Urinary → Lynch Syndrome ... Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ... (JPS), Cowden Syndrome