124 results
Common ultrasound abnormalities seen on kidney and urinary bladder POCUS

- Dr. Abhilash Koratala MD - NephroPOCUS
Common ultrasound ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pocus ... #ultrasound #renal ... #clinical
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Transcellular shift ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Neurogenic Bladder ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... PO4 < 20%: • Renal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... obstruction, Neurogenic bladder ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Obstruction - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... NOT distended on ultrasound ... on ultrasound, ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Redistribution/ Shift ... bone syndrome • Renal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis of Macroscopic ... suggest intrinsic renal ... tract), terminal (bladder ... neck, prostatic) #Diagnosis
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
intake, Gl loss, shift ... cells FEMg >4% = renal ... magnesium loss if renal ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes