55 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... : • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... Shift of extracellular
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... excess secretion of hCG ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... : • Hyperkalemia ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... #genetics #endocrinology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift ... • Cell Lysis (e.g
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Malignant Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Suggestive of Malignancy: Inhomogenous Density, Delay in CT Contrast Washout
- Differential Diagnosis ... High Plasma E2 + Clinical ... Hypertension +/- Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... heart failure, neurologic ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Neurologic disorders