10 results
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
Pathophysiology ... of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... (TLS) Tumor Cell ... Lysis -> Release ... Hypocalcemia • Hyperkalemia
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Lysis Syndrome ... Lysis Syndrome: ... : Lysis of tumor ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... #Lysis #Syndrome
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
An acute, life-threatening condition that appears within 7 days of starting cytotoxic therapies in
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... treatments) occur in high ... with Ca only if EKG ... wandering_er #Tumor ... #Lysis #Syndrome
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... release due to cell lysis ... Transfusion reaction - Tumor ... lysis syndrome
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... Intracellular Shift ... release due to cell lysis ... Transfusion reaction - Tumor ... lysis syndrome
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift ... Transcellular Shift ... (e.g. ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
antibiotics TLS (tumor-lysis ... syndrome): - Hematologic ... K, high Phos, high ... Hyperviscosity syndrome ... plasmapheresis Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... extracellular shift ... Rapid tumor lysis ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #High
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Epidemiology 1) High ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia ... of diagnosis (e.g ... : (distinct symptoms
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
• Boerhaave syndrome ... Binging on foods high ... ) • Overall: hypokalemia ... Complications #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms