49 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... EKG Findings Causes ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... is caused by excess ... transcellular shifts ... renal function, medication ... rarely the sole cause
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... clinical scenario, ECG ... Gluconate IV Shift ... Prevention - Consider cause
Causes of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism 
 • Possible Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... • Humoral Hypercalcemia ... Granulomatous Disorders (eg ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #endocrinology
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Normal variant • Hypercalcemia ... Neurological insult • Medications ... #Differential #Cardiology ... #EKG #ECG #Hypothermia
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC ... shift of K (Succinylcholine ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... pharmacology #potassium #medications
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Psychosocial Medications ... Neurally Active Medications ... Hypothyroidism • Hypokalemia ... • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renal loss • Medication ... Transcellular shift ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
in kidneys) - Medications ... (e.g. lithium, ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Causes of Excessive ... Shift Work) Sleep ... Anxiety Other • Medications ... (Eg. ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes