36 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... EKG Findings Causes ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
T-Wave ECG changes in Hyperkalemia vs Hyperacute MI
 - Hyperkalemia: Increased height, without increase area
 -
in Hyperkalemia ... Hyperacute MI - Hyperkalemia ... #Hyperkalemia # ... #MI #clinical #cardiology ... #comparison
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... is caused by excess ... transcellular shifts ... renal function, medication ... rarely the sole cause
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Normal variant • Hypercalcemia ... Neurological insult • Medications ... #Differential #Cardiology ... #EKG #ECG #Hypothermia
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... clinical scenario, ECG ... Gluconate IV Shift ... Prevention - Consider cause
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Psychosocial Medications ... Neurally Active Medications ... Hypothyroidism • Hypokalemia ... • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Renal loss • Medication ... Transcellular shift ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
hyperkalemia? ... patients with hyperkalemia ... - Causes lactic ... #pharmacology #indications ... #comparison #LR
EKG in Acute Pulmonary Embolism
The sensitivity and specificity for EKG findings in acute PE are low.
EKG
EKG in Acute Pulmonary ... specificity for EKG ... evaluating for other causes ... Wave in V1 • Shift ... AcutePE #diagnosis #cardiology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
in kidneys) - Medications ... (e.g. lithium, ... cisplatin) - Chronic hypercalcemia ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes