43 results
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... is caused by excess ... potassium intake ... , impaired potassium ... transcellular shifts
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced ... Hyperkalemia ... • Increased EC shift ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Antiarrhythmic Drugs

CLASS IA
 • Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide
CLASS 1B
 • Lidocaine, Mexiletine
CLASS 2
 • Propranolol, Esmolol
CLASS 4
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ... Adenosine, Magnesium, Potassium ... #Medications #Classes ... #Classification ... #Pharmacology #
Here’s a review of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS)

This is a very common pathway that clinicians should
Here’s a review ... sodium, which causes ... RAAS inhibiting drug ... avoid harmful hyperkalemia ... ReninAngiotensinAldosteroneSystem #RAAS #Pharmacology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Causes of Hyperkalemia
Pseudohyperkalemia
 - Tourniquet use
 - Hemolysis (in vitro)
 - Leukocytosis
 - Thrombocytosis
Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... shift - Acidosis ... drugs - Transfusion ... Renal failure* - Drugspotassium-sparing ... #Causes #diagnosis
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Drugs that Impair ... Renal Potassium ... happypillsrx/ #Hyperkalemia ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology ... #Impaired #Potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia results from abnormal losses, transcellular shifts, or insufficient intake (Table 1).6–8 Abnormal losses
Causes of Hypokalemia ... transcellular shifts ... significantly lower potassium ... rarely the sole cause ... #Differential #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
reactions Common Drugs ... • Recent IV potassium ... Intracellular Shift ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high