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differential hyperkalemia causes nephrology algorithm treatment hematology classification comparison criticalcare low medications product reactions rhabdomyolysis syndrome anesthesia anesthesiology bandemia bulimianervosa
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... Benyzlpenicillin, blood ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia: • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample! • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alwavs Repeat Blood ... while drawing blood ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #high #pathophysiology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... • IV Fluids Shift ... peaks 1-2h) • Blood ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia ... #management #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... effective arterial blood ... #urine #potassium ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... diet • Blood ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... Intracellular Shift ... Blood transfusion
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... phlebotomy High ... Crush injury • Blood ... Intracellular Shift ... Blood transfusion
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #potassium #high ... #diagnosis #management
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... #treatment #potassium ... #high
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