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diagnosis management differential hyperkalemia algorithm pharmacology criticalcare elevation foamed hematology acidosis anesthesia anesthesiology blood bradycardia checklist chf clinical comparison complexes
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
• Treat the cause ... • Reconsider treatment ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... #potassium #high
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... and ECG changes ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #potassium #high ... management #algorithm #treatment
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology 1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
intracellular calcium causes ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... high potassium levels ... (or low potassium ... Pathophysiology #cardiology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... only if no clear cause ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Management Pseudohyperkalemia: 1. Hemolyzed sample 2. Blood drawn from a site/line where potassium or TPN is
Hyperkalemia Management ... minutes-hour) -Shift ... or dialysis • SLOW ... #Management #treatment ... #potassium #high
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
warranting urgent treatment ... electrocardiography (ECG ... Most cases of hypokalemia-induced ... transcellular shifts ... depletion impedes potassium
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 Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVC's) - Summary Framework Why PVCs? Can be the first manifestation of cardiac
heart disease Causes ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypokalemia ... classified as: • Low ... more intensive treatment ... #differential #cardiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... WBC count cause ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... unless worrisome EKG
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... transcellular shift ... • Saline Causes ... densa receives high
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... LV failure - Low ... #typea #typeb #classification
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