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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia algorithm management low treatment acidosis aniongap comparison effects gitelman heat heatstroke illness intercellularshift lactated lr nongap normal
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis Increased extracellular K+: • Tissue injury • Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis ... lysis syndrome • Metabolic ... glycosides • High ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... lysis syndrome - Rhabdomyolysis ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Intracellular Shift ... lysis syndrome - Rhabdomyolysis ... infusions) - Metabolic ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... urinary losses: • High ... #nephrology #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... of High-anion Gap ... Potassium-sparing ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Heat stroke - Metabolic ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #treatment #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
, Heat stroke, Metabolic ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... Management #Summary #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift ... Non-Anion Gap Metabolic ... Lysis Syndrome, rhabdomyolysis ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
tubule (DCT) Clinical ... (renal potassium ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... • Seizures • Rhabdomyolysis ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
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