33 results
diagnosis differential causes management hyperkalemia hypokalemia high hypophosphatemia hypomagnesemia kidney magnesium pathophysiology phosphate saline syndrome workup acidosis acuteinterstitialnephritis acutetubulointerstitialnephritis aki
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... (if preserved renal ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Decreased renal ... • Acute renal ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... oral intake Renal ... Transcellular shift ... #Causes #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Redistribution/ Shift ... into cells - Acute ... bone syndrome • Renal ... #causes #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
intake, Gl loss, shift ... cells FEMg >4% = renal ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
paraproteinemia, acute ... Transcellular Shift ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or Low ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Management of Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis (aka Acute Interstitial Nephritis). Simplified management algorithm for investigation and treatment
Simplified management algorithm ... investigation and treatment ... when to go for renal ... / #Nephrology ... InternalMedicine #Management #algorithm
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