65 results
Knee Examination
Right Knee - Examination maneuvers include the Lachman (ACL), anterior drawer (ACL), Lateral pivot shift,
Lateral pivot shift ... meniscal integrity) tests ... #Diagnosis #Sports ... McMurray #Drawer #Test
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... Hypophosphatæmia Right Shift ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Left #Right #Shift ... Differential #Causes #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Mixing Study
 • Clotting tests can be abnormal due to either a clotting factor deficiency, or
Study • Clotting tests ... • Clotting tests ... order for the test ... Mixing #Study #diagnosis ... #hematology #pathophysiology
Lateral pivot shift test: Valgus stress on knee plus internal/external rotation of knee during knee flexion
Lateral pivot shift ... test: Valgus stress ... knee flexion #Diagnosis ... LateralPivotShift #Test
Rotator Cuff Syndrome - SITS
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis.
Causes: Calcific supraspinatus tendinitis 
Signs: painful abduction
arm, empty can test ... Cuff #Syndrome #orthopedics ... #diagnosis #sports
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Reverse Pivot Shift Test on Physical Exam

Dx: Posterolateral corner injury; but beware proximal tib/fib instability 

Kendall
Reverse Pivot Shift ... Test on Physical ... Reverse #Pivot #Shift ... #Test #PhysicalExam ... clinical #msk #video #orthopedics
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
Thompson calf squeeze test ... TendonRupture #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Tetralogy of Fallot Summary
 • Anatomy
 • Incidence
 • Pathophysiology
 • Presentation
 • Common Variants
 •
• Incidence • Pathophysiology ... Syndromes • “Pink” Tet ... • “Blue” Tet Options ... Tetralogy #Fallot #diagnosis