217 results
diagnosis differential management nephrology causes algorithm hyperkalemia clinical hypokalemia pharmacology pathophysiology cardiology treatment orthopedics ekg medications msk table classification ecg
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Transcellular shifts ... nephrology #low #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... potassium intracellularly ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... Hyperkalemia #management #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
caused by excess potassium ... intake, impaired potassium ... transcellular shifts ... adapt to excess potassium ... excretion, increased potassium
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 Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Transcellular Shift ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... Algorithm #treatment #potassium
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... #pharmacology #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia Pseudohyperkalemia - Tourniquet use - Hemolysis (in vitro) - Leukocytosis - Thrombocytosis Intra- to extracellular
extracellular potassium ... shift - Acidosis ... load - Potassium ... foods - IV potassium ... - Potassium-containing
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #hyperkalemia #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium
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