9 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... Benyzlpenicillin, blood ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #pharmacology # ... potassium #medications
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 

Left Shift - decreased unloading of O2 at tissue level (i.e.  increased
Curve Left Shift ... • stored red blood ... - Sickle cell anemia ... Dissociation #Curve #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
of peripheral blood ... Left Shift: • ... Metamyelocyte (Left Shift ... #differential # ... CBC #hematology #pathophysiology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Can give with blood ... - Citrate in blood ... transcellular shift ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Framework and Management ... UA positive for blood ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium
Anemia of Hospitalization - Pathophysiology

Why does the Hgb/Hct drop in the first two days during hospitalization?

Interestingly,
- Pathophysiology ... drop in your pts blood ... These shifts of ... Hospitalization #causes #pathophysiology ... #differential #
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... Leukocytosis, anemia ... • Sputum/Blood ... Lung Abscess Differential ... Abscess #pulmonary #differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Normal or low blood ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Supplement: • Potassium ... diagnosis #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology