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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia high acei arb hypomagnesemia hypomg initiation kdigo low management monitoring neurology pathophysiology rhabdomyolysis seizures treatment
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... #nephrology #low ... #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced ... • Increased EC shift ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications ... #druginduced
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
Drugs associated ... - Shift from extracellular ... #Medications #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
reactions Common Drugs ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
reactions Common Drugs ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Unprovoked - Epilepsy: • Focal: Simple, Complex • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... , Recreational drugs ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia ... #Causes #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... - Toxins - Drugs ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #treatment #nephrology
ACEI or ARB Initiation Hyperkalemia: - Review concurrent drugs - Moderate potassium Intake - Consider: diuretics, sodium
ARB Initiation Hyperkalemia ... Review concurrent drugs ... - Moderate potassium ... - Review for causes ... Reassess concomitant medications
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. ***Typical presentations: • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... correcting serum potassium ... Other medications ... continued in most cases ... #nephrology
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