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differential nephrology treatment high anesthesia anesthesiology blood checklist hematology hypokalemia hypomagnesemia hypomg intraoperative product reactions rhabdomyolysis summary table workup algorithm
Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... potassium intake ... transcellular shifts ... renal function, medication ... dysfunction is common #Diagnosis
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 Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced ... • Increased EC shift ... #differential #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma): • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... and sodium • Dosing ... and calcium • Dosing ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #medications #pharmacology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... reactions Common Drugs ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... #causes #potassium
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Diagnosis Framework ... reactions Common Drugs ... Intracellular Shift ... Medications 2. ... #causes #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia Pseudohyperkalemia - Tourniquet use - Hemolysis (in vitro) - Leukocytosis - Thrombocytosis Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... shift - Acidosis ... drugs - Transfusion ... Renal failure* - Drugs—potassium-sparing ... #Causes #diagnosis
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
Drugs associated ... - Shift from extracellular ... #Medications #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework • Cellular Shift: - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Framework • Cellular Shift ... hyperosmolality - Medications ... #Causes #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Drugs (Statins), ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #causes #treatment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Summary Causes ... - Toxins - Drugs ... Shift of extracellular ... Monitor potassium ... #Management #causes
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