39 results
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Algorithm and Causes ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #Algorithm #Differential ... #Hematology #Diagnosis ... GrepMed Recommended Text
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
• Blood smear: Differential ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... → Systematic screening ... #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... uremic syndrome ... #differential # ... #anemia
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia • ... #sob #differential
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Autoimmune Diseases: • Systemic ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
value is low, tests ... result in severe anemia ... anemia Indirect ... WBC count and differential ... leukocytosis with a left shift
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Dyspnea - Differential ... Myocardial • Systolic ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... Pulmonary - Other • Anemia ... #SOB #Differential
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
Causes of Thrombocytosis ... - Differential ... malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... Myelodysplastic syndrome
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... fatigue, pallor, dyspnea ... younger pts) Differential ... • Diagnostic Test ... #anemia #hematology
Dyspnea - Considerations with Malignancy
Directly Malignancy Related:
 - Lymphangitic spread to lung
 - Malignant pleural effusion
metastases Treatment ... - Conduction system ... - Cytopenias (anemia ... Changes in Pre-Test ... #algorithm #differential