34 results
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Autoimmune Diseases: • Systemic ... lupus erythematosus ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Summary
Antinuclear (ANA) - 95% - Initial screening test
Anti-dsDNA - 50%
 • Associated
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... Initial screening test ... block • Sjogren syndrome ... severe disease Treatment ... Summary #diagnosis #rheumatology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
central nervous system ... diagnosis and treatment ... Inflammatory causes ... • Systemic lupus ... #inflammatory #differential
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Manifestations of Systemic ... Demyelinating Syndrome ... autoantibodies that will cause ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... CNS #neurology #rheumatology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
• Blood smear: Differential ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... → Systematic screening ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #rheumatology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
lupus erythematosus ... with leukopenia, anemia ... Liver function tests ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... #Rheumatology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... Liver Function Tests ... #Hematology
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... glomerulonephritis (>90%) S - Systemic ... Lupus Erythematosus ... Mnemonic #diagnosis #differential
Pruritus - Generalized Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Systemic and Primary Causes
== Primary Skin Lesions ==
Macules /
and Primary Causes ... Liver Function Tests ... renal failure/uremia ... Myelodisplastic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... ) - HELLP syndrome ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... #differential # ... #anemia