22 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... of normal leg reflexes ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... and Management ... at the time of diagnosis ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... • Acute and chronic ... diffuse light reflex ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
and Management ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... numbness, decreased reflexes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Pathophysiology: Chronic ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... endpoint of all-cause ... #management #cardiology
Whipple Disease (Tropheryma whipplei) - Diagnosis and Management 

Caused by: Tropheryma whipplei

Symptoms and Signs:
1. Migratory poly/oligoarthralgia
and Management ... Caused by: Tropheryma ... whipplei Symptoms ... and Signs: 1. ... #algorithm #management
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... abdominojugular, reflux ... *Chronic HFrEF may ... #management #cardiology
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Arthritis Differential Diagnosis ... noninflammatory Signs ... constitutional symptoms ... weeks) Can Be Caused ... #MSK #rheumatology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... and signs below ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... differential #algorithm
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... Escorial criteria uses ... #management