46 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Loss of pain and ... , pain and temperature ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... - Vertigo - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... symptoms/signs, ... #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #causes
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Avulsion or shearing injury ... onto lateral hip Signs ... Leg • Shooting pains ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #orthopedics
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... lumbar spine Signs ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #signs
Meralgia paresthetica: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Compression/injury of Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (LFCN) -> Meralgia paresthetica
 •
Findings Compression/injury ... Raise Test - Pain ... MeralgiaParesthetica #MSK ... pathophysiology #differential ... #diagnosis #signs
Vascular Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
 - Constant Pain (Ischemia)
 - Acute Onset
 -
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Marfan's Syndrome ... Vascular #JointPain #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Immune mediated injury ... : • Flank pain ... hematuria • Signs ... #urology #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Mechanisms of Pain
Mixed - Nociceptive/Neuropathic
Nociceptive - Tissue Damage
 - Visceral - (From organ/cavity lining) Poorly localized,
syndrome - Deafferentation ... • Spinal injury ... #Neurology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes