11 results
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
syndromeUrine ... Chloride • Urine ... Ca/Cr ratio ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Elevated Renin Urine ... of echogenic kidneys ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... #Injury #AKI #Workup ... #nephrology #causes
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
1.010: • Advanced kidney ... Dehydration • SIADH (syndrome ... - Strong Medicine ... Interpretation #diagnosis ... #differential #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Kidney ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... leukemia Measure Urine ... , CA Inh., Osmotic ... #phosphate #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... acute and chronic kidney ... - Strong Medicine ... #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Heat injury, Heat stroke ... Weakness - Dark urine ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... causes #treatment #nephrology