45 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... leukemia Measure Urine ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... Fanconi syndrome, CA ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
uric acid: - Urine ... sodium low, uric ... and uric acid low ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... • Normal/low ... Urine chloride is ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Bartter syndrome • Urine ... Chloride • Urine ... Ca/Cr ratio ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... Uric Acid - Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... uric acid >4 • Urine ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
- Differential Diagnosis ... Polyuria = >3L Urine ... nutrition), Azotemia LOW ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology