12 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
/low blood pressure ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... #differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... intake • Metabolic ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... /low blood pressure ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Alkalosis #Differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
(K) & magnesium( ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Magnesium ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hyperplasia • Normal ... Al, Normal R - ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... other • Severe potassium ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Low-normal EABV ... • Distal RTA Low-normal ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential #
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Chloride Intoxication ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #NAGMA #Differential ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
System - Decreased LOC ... Axial Weakness, Normal ... Strength, Normal ... Other Congenital Syndromes ... Botulism • Magnesium