15 results
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... lysis syndrome Calcium ... specific systemic disease ... specific systemic disease ... #Microscopy #Crystals
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... fresh at time of microscopy ... - Some crystals ... #Microscopy #Atlas
Urine Microscopy - Kidney Stones and Crystals 

Uric Acid, Cystine, Hippurate, Cloth Fiber, Tyrosine, CaOx, CaP,
Urine Microscopy ... Kidney Stones and Crystals ... @Neph_Sim #Urine ... #Microscopy #Crystals ... Identification #Differential
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... Microscopic exam ... • Crystals ... • Urinary casts ... #Urinalysis #crystals
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... and concentrated urine ... Advanced kidney disease ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Epithelial cell casts ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... • Calcium Oxalate ... polyangiitis /microscopic
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... of glomerular disease ... #Hematuria #Differential
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Proteinuria - Differential ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Minimal change disease ... Proteinuria #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
of Hematuria - Differential ... blood cells on urine ... microscopy. ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... • Thin GBM disease
Approach to Joint Pain

History:
Is the pain from:
	• Joint
	• Adjacent bursa
	• Tendon
	• Ligament
	• Bone
	• Muscle
	• Referred from
Symptoms of Joint Disease ... and typically lasts ... inflammatory arthritides Crystal ... ochronosis and crystal ... approach #workup #differential