9 results
Urine Microscopy - Kidney Stones and Crystals 

Uric Acid, Cystine, Hippurate, Cloth Fiber, Tyrosine, CaOx, CaP,
Urine Microscopy ... #Microscopy #Crystals ... Identification #Differential ... #Stones #Key #Nephrology ... Sediment #Kidney #Atlas
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... - Some crystals ... #Microscopy #Atlas ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... basement membrane disease ... of glomerular disease ... causes #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... blood count with differential ... , urine microscopy ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
at least 50% Renal ... myeloma) • Urate crystals ... • Calcium Oxalate ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... disease — 21% ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Algorithm #Causes #Differential
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and Disease ... and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Urinary #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Weakness - Dark urine ... of underlying disease ... potassium and calcium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... , calcium-creatinine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Autoimmune disease ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology