12 results
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
Dextrose in water @ 3cc ... /kg/h, loop diuretics ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... rate #management #nephrology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... of PCN allergy ... Cavitation > 6 cm ... Prevotella • Fungal ... • Vasculitis (e.g
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
fastidious bacteria or fungi ... but important causes ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... special stains (e.g ... bacteria) and 18S ( fungi
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan and Galactomannan Testing Sensitivity Specificity and False Positives
1,3-Beta-D-Glucan
 • Cell wall component of many fungi
component of many fungi ... Other +s: PCP, Histo ... formulations (eg ... closely related fungi ... Galactomannan #Fungal
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
therapy (MET): e.g ... , Anuria - PCN ... +/- Stent: < 2 cm ... involvement: eyes, TFT, ECG ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
present in 15% of cases ... Demyelinating disease caused ... • JC-virus PCR ... - Generally >3 cm ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Encephalitis: MCC ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... Photophobia • Nausea ... , photophobia, nausea ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
lumbar spine • MCC ... equina syndrome (CES ... - Emergency Causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Paraneoplastic effects of SCC ... Miller Fischer and PCB ... Serologic and EMG ... Myasthenia Crises ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... only if no clear cause ... Terbutaline 7 µg/kg ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology