24 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
narrowing and vascular ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
- Differential Diagnosis ... Chronic: - ... Cataracts - Macula: Macular ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #causes #ophthalmology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
-> Cotton-wool spots ... Focal areas of saccular ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Valvular, arrhythmias ... -> Cherry-red spot ... edema caused by ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #signs
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Sjögren’s syndrome ... hyperviscosity syndrome ... #ophthalmology ... #causes
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
Chronic Vision Loss ... Degeneration (Wet, Dry) Retina ... - Cotton wool spots ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Causes of Anterior Uveitis - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Uveitis - 90% of cases of Uveitis
 • Inflammation
Causes of Anterior ... - Differential Diagnosis ... vitreous humor, and retina ... Immunocompromised-CMV • Chronic ... #Causes #ophthalmology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Differential Diagnosis ... Chronic UTI) • ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... endocrinology #causes ... #pediatrics
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
disease (panuveitis, retinal ... and diplopia) • Vascular ... Recurrent and chronic ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... damage such as retinal ... renal bruit or signs ... Causes: • Vascular