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diagnosis differential hyponatremia management algorithm hypomagnesemia kidney magnesium pediatrics sodium agitation chloride classification clinicopathology comparison criticalcare delirium diuresis diuretics effects
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
protein - Low ... sodium diet ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... Avoid high Protein diet ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Beer Potomania - Low ... solute diet. ... solute/protein diet ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) - Volume depletion
pathology (e.g. strokes ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... Tea and toast” diet ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... Pancreatitis - Hungry bones ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Decreased Intake: • Low ... salt in diet ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... Hypercalcemic states ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
and necrosis in states ... shift • Saline Causes ... blood flow and ... • Saline May Cause ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
insipidus • Kidney stones ... caused by Ca2+ ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... K diet Stabilization ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
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