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diagnosis differential causes hyperkalemia medications high hypomagnesemia management nephrolithiasis algorithm comparison diuresis diuretics drugs effects excretion hypomg k kidney lactated
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
- Low sodium diet ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... Avoid high Protein diet ... Avoid high Protein diet ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... potassium excretion ... • Acute renal ... diet • Blood ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... - Hyperosmolar states ... deficiency • Renal ... diagnosis #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia Redistribution: - IV glucose - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis - IV hyperalimentation - Refeeding
(steatorrhea) Renal ... osmotic diuresis - Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... Hypercalcemic states ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• Recent IV potassium ... - Hyperosmolar states ... deficiency • Renal ... diagnosis #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
steatorrhea) • Renal ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... Hypercalcemic states ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... and necrosis in states ... filtration - Renal ... blood flow and renal ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Nephrolithiasis: Medications Associated with Renal Stones • Hypercalciuria: Furosemide, Topiramate, Vitamin D/Calcium, Glucocorticoids • Precipitation of
Associated with Renal ... Stones • Hypercalciuria ... #Medications #Renal ... #Stones #pharmacology ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... insipidus • Kidney stones ... Inhibitors of Renal ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Excretion: - Renal ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... acidosis) • Low K diet ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
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