61 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Maculopapular - Diagnostic ... Ill-appearing, vital sign ... instability - ... Immunocompromised #Diagnosis ... Targetoid #Algorithm #Differential
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Causes of Bradykinetic Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Parkinson's Disease (TRAP):
• Resting Tremor
• Cogwheel Rigidity
• Akinesia/Bradykinesia
•
Movement Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bradykinesia • Postural Instability ... • Cerebellar signs ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... Complications: • Inability ... Fractures #msk #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Associated Lung Ultrasound ... sliding/barcode sign ... #pulmonary #differential ... #diagnosis #signs ... #Lung #POCUS #ultrasound
Borderline Personality Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Behavioral Traits:
 • Unstable Relationships - Alternating extremes of idealization
Mood - Affective instability ... fear of) - Mood instability ... PersonalityDisorder #Diagnosis ... #Psychiatry #Criteria ... #Signs #Symptoms