43 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... MSK #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
micro-damage exceeds ability ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Serotonin #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
SerotoninNorepinephrine #Inhibitors #Pathophysiology ... #SideEffects #Psychiatry ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... : Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Symptoms: Disorientation ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... /Symptoms/Complications ... : • Inability ... msk #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Diagnostic Algorithm Pathophysiology ... - Pathophysiology ... Ill-appearing, vital sign ... instability - ... Targetoid #Algorithm #Differential
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
Pathogenesis and Symptoms ... cause the Positive Symptoms ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Symptoms (included in DSM 5 criteria) - Present during
Clinical Findings Symptoms ... suicide Other Symptoms ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Psychiatry