62 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
D-Sign on Ultrasound
Right Ventricular Pressure vs Volume Overload
Eccentricity Index (EI) = D2/D1
RV Overload “D Sign” EI
D-Sign on Ultrasound ... RV Overload “D Sign ... ” EI > 1 - POCUS ... echocardiogram #psax #diagnosis ... #cardiology #pocus
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... : • Inability ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Labyrinthitis 
Vestibular neuritis + unilateral hearing loss = Labyrinthitis 
1) Vertigo (severe) 
2) Gait instability 
3)
severe) 2) Gait instability ... 3) Nausea, vomiting ... Labyrinthitis #Diagnosis ... #Symptoms #Signs
Kussmaul's Sign on Physical Exam

What’s the diagnosis?
Severe biventeicular failure with + Kussmaul sign! NICM. No constriction!

-
Kussmaul's Sign ... What’s the diagnosis ... time there is inability ... and other rarer causes ... clinical #video #jvp #cardiology
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... that impair the ability ... flare ups that cause ... III and class IV symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Myopathy (Also caused ... Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
in refractory cases ... #Pericarditis #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Associated Lung Ultrasound ... pleura in severe cases ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #Lung #POCUS ... #ultrasound #findings