10 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... and referral to Urology ... if cause not identified ... #Workup #urology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Diagnosis Framework ... → Diagnostic of ... Bladder Causes ... • Infection (Viral ... #causes #urology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Causes of Hematuria ... ) - Infective - ... Calculi, Stricture Bladder ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #urology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
and Differential Diagnosis ... suggests calculi/infection ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... tract), terminal (bladder ... #EM #IM #Urology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
inflammation/ infection ... filling pushing urine ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Signs #Symptoms #Urology ... #Diagnosis
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
tuberculoma (later stage ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... and not direct infection ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis ... differential #TB #neurology
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
dysregulation -> Bacterial infection ... diet, hormones, urine ... renal injury, Hematuria ... Pathophysiology #Urology ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... - Hematoma - Stab ... Infarction - Infection ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Colovesical Fistula on Cystoscopy
A 72-year-old woman presented to the urology clinic with a 2-week history of
presented to the urology ... urinary tract infection ... confirmed the diagnosis ... Causes of colovesical ... clinical #video #urology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
GFR<15 - ↓ Effective ... reabsorption) Workup ... lysis) ± Urine ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table