22 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... • Stable Angina ... Arrhythmia • Atrial ... Chest Wall Abnormalities ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Atrial Fibrillation ... Overview Symptoms ... exercise intolerance, chest ... Decompensated HF ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary
Treatment of Stable Narrow-Complex Tachycardia
Regular Rhythm:
 • Attempt vagal maneuvers
 • Give adenosine 6 milligrams IV
Treatment of Stable ... disease or CHF) ... Treat underlying cause ... disease or CHF) ... Treat underlying cause
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
Chest Pain - Differential ... Infarction • Stable ... Embolism (chest ... • Trauma - Neurologic ... ChestPain #Noncardiac #Cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
A-Fib) Summary Symptoms ... exercise intolerance, chest ... Decompensated HF ... Noncardiac: • Pulmonary ... possibly better: • Symptom
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
Chronic inflammation causes ... inflammation Symptoms ... Loss of weight • Chest ... Most Common Causes ... Nasal polyps and signs
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
pleural effusion on CXR ... interstitial lung disease ... /pulmonary fibrosis ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR ... coronary artery disease
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
flip-flopping in the chest ... Pheochromocytoma • Pulmonary ... AVNRT Red Flag Symptoms ... : • Chest pain: ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
psychosis - CHF ... Ophthalmoplegia • Atrial ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... endocrinology #signs ... #symptoms #thyroid