24 results
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Interstitial lung ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Embolism, Obstructive ... , Interstitial Lung ... #Hypoxia #hypoxemia
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Diffuse Lung ... Acute Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome ... Embolism
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pneumonectomy • Trapped lung ... Malignancy • Pulmonary ... embolism • Collagen ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pulmonary Pathology ... Acute Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome (ARDS) ... sliding Pulmonary ... Embolism (PE):
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... direction leads to hypoxemia ... embolus SHUNT ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Respiratory #Failure #hypoxia
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Superior vena cava syndrome ... • Interstitial lung ... embolismPulmonary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Respiratory: • Pulmonary ... EmbolismHypoxia ... • Sick Sinus Syndrome ... • Tachy-Brady Syndrome
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Acute respiratory distress ... syndrome (ARDS) ... embolism • Re-expansion ... Transfusion-related acute lung ... edema (Traumatic brain
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Acute Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome – ARDS ... leading to increased pulmonary ... congestion with hypoxemia ... consistent with pulmonary