9 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Stress, Nausea, ... Pulmonary Diseases ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... : 33% • Treatment ... of (Acute resp distress ... , and CXR with pulmonary ... : No • Treatment
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... Treatment: • Plasmapheresis ... #neurology
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary ... Framework NCPE Pathophysiology ... Noncardiogenic pulmonary ... Acute respiratory distress ... syndrome (ARDS)
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... • Hyponatremia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... epilepticus Treatment ... underlying cause • Treatment ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Interpretation Steps ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... The clinical syndrome ... Treatment: • HAART ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
starting amiodarone treatment ... organizing pneumonia, ARDS ... acute respiratory distress ... syndrome) is rare ... macrophages Treatment