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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Distress Syndrome ... leading to increased pulmonary ... Berlin criteria ... consistent with pulmonary ... #CheatSheet #Diagnosis
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria ... Distress Syndrome ... lobar collapse, lung ... #Distress #Syndrome ... #Criteria #Diagnosis
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Pulmonary Pathology ... the severity Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome (ARDS) ... #differential #diagnosis
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
Berlin Criteria ... At least 3 of (Acute ... , and CXR with pulmonary ... Reactions #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Pericardial ... Angina • Acute ... Coronary Syndrome ... Pneumonia • ARDS
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential Diagnosis ... respiratory distress ... syndrome (ARDS) ... lung injury (TRALI ... edema (Traumatic brain
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Cardiac ... Disease • Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome
The Berlin Definition of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Chest imaging - Bilateral opacities—not fully explained by
Distress Syndrome ... (ARDS) Chest ... effusions, lobar/lung ... >= 5cm H2O #Diagnosis ... #Distress #Syndrome
Amiodarone Induced Lung Toxicity Summary

Who?
• 5% of patients
• Dose ≥ 400 mg per day

How?  Possible
organizing pneumonia, ARDS ... pleural effusions • Acute ... toxicity (e.g., acute ... respiratory distress ... syndrome) is rare
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
murmur 3/6) - Pulmonary ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... ACEi/ARBs - Hold ... unless prior heart/lung ... stratification #diagnosis