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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Distress Syndrome ... leading to increased pulmonary ... consistent with pulmonary ... the underlying cause ... RespiratoryDistress #Syndrome
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
Ultrasound Findings ... pleura in severe cases ... the severity Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome (ARDS)
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Stable Angina • Acute ... Coronary Syndrome ... Pneumonia • ARDS ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Effect of Lung Recruitment and Titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs Low PEEP on Mortality in
Patients With Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome JAMA ... increased 28-day all-cause ... Postoperative #Pulmonary
Right-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac Causes - Rule out Left-Sided Heart Failure (Most Common):
• Diffuse Lung ... Disease • Acute ... Respiratory Distress ... Syndrome ... • Chronic Lung Infection
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... Syndrome (ARDS) ... consistent with pulmonary ... lobar collapse, lung ... #Distress #Syndrome
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
(CHF, cirrhosis ... , nephrotic syndrome ... Stress, Nausea, ... Pulmonary Diseases ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD)
Exposure-Related ILD (a.k.a. extrinsic allergic alveolitis): 
 • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Farmer's lung, Bird
ILD caused by inhalation ... pneumonia (DIP), Acute ... Churg Strauss syndrome ... Eosinophilic pneumonia: Acute ... #causes
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... • A lack of acute ... respiratory distress ... syndrome (ARDS) ... lung injury (TRALI
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... : Age>60, CKD, CHF ... At least 3 of (Acute ... resp distress, ... , and CXR with pulmonary