83 results
diagnosis differential causes algorithm neurology management table potassium low hyponatremia treatment alkalosis hyperkalemia metabolic nephritic nephrotic symptoms workup aki classification
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
syndrome from Bartter ... syndrome • Urine ... #syndrome #Bartter ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Defects Fanconi Syndrome ... tubule Bartter Syndrome ... Syndrome: Distal ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... syndrome - Mutation ... • Bartter syndrome ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Hypokalemia Differential ... tubular acidosis • Gitelman's ... syndrome • Bartter's ... syndrome Extrarenal ... Hypothermia • Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Diuretics, Bartter's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... • Cushing's syndrome ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Aldosterone: Cushing syndrome ... 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency, Syndrome ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... deficiency, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS) Absolute Insulin deficit: - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome ... pts under large stresses ... to insulin TX, stresses ... #comparison #endocrinology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... R - Cushing's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
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