9 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Succinylcholine • Diabetes ... glycosides • High ... • Calcineurin inhibitor ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ... Drug-induced • High ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... drugs • ACE inhibitors ... #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Correction of diabetic ... ) • Endocrine disorders ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... specific bleeding disorders ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Calcineurin inhibitors ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... NSAIDs • ACE Inhibitors ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... of High Anion Gap ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... #AcidBase #disorders ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... NSAIDs • ACE Inhibitors ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... (treatment of diabetic ... hypomagnesemia), Eating disorders ... carbonic anhydrase inhibitors ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology