15 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
and Features of Hyponatremia ... Hypervolemic hypernatremia ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... - Vomiting ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... Water Central Diabetes ... disorders Nephrogenic Diabetes ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Extrarenal losses, Vomiting ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS 
OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY. 

Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency:
 - Tiredness, weakness, mental depression
hypotension - Nausea ... , vomiting, diarrhea ... - Hyponatremia ... Hyperpigmentation - Hyperkalemia ... visual symptoms - Diabetes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... ketoacidosis • Vomiting ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
Hyperphosphatemia • Hyperkalemia ... Hypocalcemia Hypercalcemia ... • Vomiting, decreased ... coma SIADH: • Hyponatremia ... • Nausea, vomiting
Pediatric Vomiting - Gastrointestinal and Systemic Causes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hepatobiliary:
 • Acute Hepatitis
 • Acute
Pediatric Vomiting ... Gastrointestinal and Systemic Causes ... Pregnancy • Diabetes ... • Uremia • Hypercalcemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... osmotic diuresis & vomiting ... out of cells may cause ... To prevent hypokalemia ... , vomiting (Incr
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia ... Nephropathies, Vomiting ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... • Hypercalcemia ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... and euvolemic hyponatremia