16 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Anorexia GI Losses ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... - Familial renal ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... Hypertension associated ... eg, presence of renal ... Renal parenchymal ... Pregnancy-associated
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
HYPOTENSION -> renal ... renal ischemia ... Heme associated ... per day until stable ... Management #Summary #causes
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal ... obstruction - Able ... identify non-calculus causes ... for non-calculus causes ... ureteroscopy - Imaging associated
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... Inhibitors of Renal ... Heart Association class ... #Diuretics #Renal ... #Medications #Table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... HYPOTENSION → renal ... perfusion → renal ... Heme associated ... per day until stable
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... toxin-induced Associated ... mediastinitis, chronic renal ... Hypertension #PHTN #Classification ... #Differential #Causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
vasodilation → ↓ renal ... perfusion + ↑ renal ... • Renal vasoconstriction ... Classification: ... • Associated with