358 results
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... amino acids in kidney ... incidence 1/10,000) Struvite ... heart failure #Calculi ... diagnosis #causes #calculus
UROLITHIASIS 

80% of stones are composed of calcium oxalate or phosphate. Others include uric acid (9%),
uric acid (9%), struvite ... Struvite stones, ... staghorn or large calculus ... and facilitates struvite ... flankpain #PCN #calculus
Urine Microscopy - Kidney Stones and Crystals 

Uric Acid, Cystine, Hippurate, Cloth Fiber, Tyrosine, CaOx, CaP,
Urine Microscopy - Kidney ... , CaOx, CaCO3, Struvite ... Nephrology #Sediment #Kidney
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal Calculus ... to identify non-calculus ... Useful for non-calculus ... #Renal #Kidney ... #stones #calculus
Cholecystitis - Diagnosis and Management Overview
Types - Acute Calculous, Acalculous, Xanthogranulomatous (chronic)
Complications 
 - Gangrenous (most
Types - Acute Calculous ... , Acalculous, Xanthogranulomatous
Causes of Gallbladder Wall Thickening
Primary Wall Thickening:
1 . Acute calculous cholecystitis
2. Acute acalculous cholecystitis
3. Chronic cholecystitis
4.
Acute calculous ... Acute acalculous
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
mannitol), Chronic kidney ... • Inability of kidneys ... Isosthenuria): Chronic kidney ... incontinence, Bladder calculi
NSAID vs ACEI/ARB effects on the Kidneys

Remember that NSAIDs and ACEI/ARB therapy have opposing effects on
effects on the Kidneys ... effects on the kidneys ... contribute to kidney ... patients with normal kidney ... used for their kidney
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
or other tumor, Calculi ... Medullary sponge kidney ... - Malignancy, Calculi ... Schistomiasis, Malignancy, Calculi
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute Kidney ... POST-RENAL Urinary calculi ... Diagnosis #Acute #Kidney