22 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
), Spontaneous rupture ... rupture • Papillary ... Papillary muscle rupture ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
• Additional culture ... for metastatic infection ... heart failure • Myocardial ... Obtain single blood culture ... • Aggressive management
Acute and long-term complications of acute STEMI
Acute and long-term complications of acute myocardial infarction are summarized
They cause the vast ... remodeling can cause ... papillary muscle rupture ... Wall rupture (septum ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... Cardiac Disease: • Myocardial ... ischemia/infarction ... • Aortic Valve Endocarditis ... #cardiology #BRADI
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
culture negative ... identified with modern culture ... #differential # ... #culture #negative ... #CNIE #BCNIE #cardiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Chordae Tendinae • Rupture ... • Infarct • Rupture ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Chest Pain - Differential ... Chest Pain: • Myocardium ... Obstruction - Rupture ... Pain #ChestPain #Differential ... #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Culture (+): ... staphylococci Culture ... that may lead to infarction ... #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
A primer on the causes, evaluation and management of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients. 
Obstructive:
primer on the causes ... evaluation and management ... of Acute Myocardial ... Infarction in Young ... #MINOCA #differential
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
Endocarditis Algorithm ... vs Noninfective Causes ... disease • Systemic infection ... • HACEK • Culture-negative ... #Differential #